Hair and scalp treating apparatus



N 1930. E. o. FREDERICS 1,780,182

HAIR AND SCALP TREATING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 8. 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. @L Mu,

A TTORNEYS.

Nov. 4, 1930. E. o. FREDERICS HAIR AND SCALP TREATING APPARATUS 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 8 192 .n ma

I. in

INVENTOR 0% .4

ATTORNEYS NOV. 4, 1930. FREDERICS 1,780,182

HAIR AND SCALP TREATING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 8, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 ffllq lB.

INVENTOR.

7 ATTORNEYS.

Patented Nov. 4, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ERNEST O. FREDERICS, NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOB 1'0 E. IREDEBICS, 1116., OI

NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK HAIR AND SGALIP TREATING AIPABATUS I ap uoanonmeir necemm a, 1920. Serial Io. 153,300.

This invention relates to a hairand scalptreating apparatus of improved construction. It is an object of the invention to provide a device of this character which may be utilized for the drying and treatin of both hair and scalp, and the parts of whic will be rela-' tively few in number and rugged in construction to provide an economical apparatus capable of use over long periods of time with freedom from mechanical difliculty.

It is a further object to furnish a machine the construction of which will be such that the hair may be dried and treated in a minimum period of time and in which such drying and treatment will be even in effect.

It is a still further object to construct an apparatus capable of being employed by an operator not mechanically inclined, and in the rienced by the person utilizing the same.

Another object is that of constructing a hair-treating apparatus which may be readily shifted from place to place, and in which the parts may be caused to assume any desired position, such position being maintained until the operator would desire to shift the same, the apparatus being so constructed that the likelihood of an accident involving injury to the person being treated is neglible, and the probability of the machine being damaged is reduced to a minimum.

Still another object is that of embodying in a single machine a construction by means of which the functions of hair and scalp drying and treating and facial work may be achieved, this construction being relatively simple and readily operable,

Other objects of the invention will in part be obvious andjwill in part appear hereinafter.

The invention accordingly comprises the features of construction, combination of elements and arrangement of parts which will be exemplified in the construction hereinafter set forth and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the claims.

For a fuller understanding of the nature operation of which no difliculty will be expeand objects of the invention reference should be had to the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of one form of apparatus embodying the improved construct1on of the present invention; 1

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation thereof;

. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary enlarged sectional side view of a joint detail which may form a part of the machine;

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view taken 0 along the lines 44 and in the direction of the arrows of- Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a sectional plan View taken along the lines 5-5 of Fig. 2; I

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the apparatus and showing the heating elements thereof;

Fig. 7 is a top plan view of the parts as shown in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary bottom plan view of these parts;

Fig. 9 is a sectional side view of the fan construction Fig. 10 is an elevation of the fan as shown in Fig. 9

Fi 11 is a side elevation of the casing or stan ard at this point;

Fig. 12 is a sectional side view of the lamp extension;

Fig. 13 is a sectional front view thereof;

Fig. 14 shows diagrammatically the cir- 80 cuit involved; and

' Fig. 15 is a view similar to Fig. 3 but showing a slightly different form of construction from that illustrated in the first figure.

In these views the numeral 20 indicates the 8| base of the machine, which, in the present instance, is mounted upon casters 21 so as to be readily mobile. Extending above the base is a casing which, adjacent its lower end, is enlarged as at 22 to provide fan and motor 9. compartments 23 and 24, respectively. This casing, which is in the nature of a standard, may be associated with the base'in any desirable manner, but it is preferred that these members he movable with respect to 3 each other, and to this end the base may be provided with a collar 25, within which a grooved stem 26 of the casing extends. A pin 27 carried by the base projects into the groove of the stem 26, and the latter may carry a sto -member 28 for cooperation with the pin or olt 27 so as to prevent a complete turning of the casing with respect to the base.

A motor 29 is positioned within the compartment 24 and serves to rotate the shaft 30 .extending within the compartment 23, at which point it carries a fan generally indicated at 31. The casing extends upwardly and has an elbow 32 at its upper end. Adjacent the edge of this elbow a ring 33 is secured, which cooperates with a complementary ring 34 associated with the inner end of an elbow-member 35, these rings providing a joint which is substantially fluid-tight but ermitting a ready {movement of the elbows 52-35 with respect to each other and within the limits imposed by the cooperating stopmembers 36 associated one with each of the elbows and engaging to prevent movement thereof beyond certain points.

In order that the elbow-members may be disposed in any desired position and retained therein, a U-s aped segmental band 37 encircles the rings 3334 and frictionally engages the outer faces thereof, the segments of this band preferably being adjustable with respect to each other as at 38. The ends of the band segments terminate in outwardlystruck lug-portions 39, to one of which a rod 40 is secured, this rod passing through an opening in the second lug and being pivotally attached to a handle-member 41 having a camshaped inner end 42 resting Within a depression 43 formed in the adjacent lug-member.

As. a consequence, it will be understood that with the band segments properly adjusted with respect to each other, and upon the elbow-member 35 being moved to the position it is desired to have the same occupy, the operator, by simply swinging the handlemember 41, will cause the cam-portion 42 to bear against the base of the recess 43 of the adjacent lug to move the latter toward the second lug, thus constricting the circumference of the band and forcing the inner faces of the same into intimate contact with the rings 33-434, and, as a consequence, looking the elbow 35 with respect to the elbow 32,

this position of the parts being maintained untilthe handle is again swung.

Immediately beyond the elbow 35 the casing preferably presents a relatively straight tube-portion 44, and a cross-bar 45 of suitable insulating material extends transversely of this casing portion and is disposed adjacent the inner end of the same. Rods 46 are mounted adjacent opposite ends of the bar 45, and the casing portion 44 is encircled by a tube 47 having a sliding telescopic fit thereon so that if desired the tube 47 may be removedf This tube portion is continued in the form of a flexible member 48, which may be reinforced by a soft coil spring 49 disposed within its body and adjacent the inner face thereof, this tube of flexible material mounting a nozzle 50 preferably terminating in an outlet disposed at 'rightangles to the tube body.

Electrical leads 51 extend Within the compartment 24, and one'of them is connected with the motor; the purpose of the stop 28 being now apparent in that this prevents the lead from becoming coiled around and tangled upon the base and lower casing portions. As in Fig. 14, the second lead 51 is extended to a switch 52-and beyond the same, terminating as hereinafter described. A return .lead 53 extends from the opposite side of the switch 52 to the motor 29, so that when this switch is closed the motor will function to operate the fan, it being at this time noted that the first of the leads 51 is also extended beyond the motor for a purpose to be hereinafter described.

While any suitable type of pump may be operated by the shaft 30 it is preferred to utilize a blower or fan of the centrifugal type, specifically embracing a construction forming a part of the present invention. As in Figs. 2, 9 and 10, this fan includes a pair of spaced ring-shaped bands or plates 54 of equal circumference connected together by means of interposed vanes 55 having a hub 56 at their point of juncture, which hub is attached to the shaft 30. These vanes have their rear edges curved inwardly as at 57, and their forward or intake edges being curved to a material extent as at 58. Adjacent the outermost of the bands 54 the easing is provided with a series of segmental openings, entrance of foreign matter through these openings preferably being.

prevented by means of screen material 59, and the area of the openings exposed to the passage of intake air being controlled by means of a shutter 60 carried by the casing and controlled by a handle 61, which may have an indicating member cooperating with a scale 62, also carried by the casing. At this time it will be observed that the axis of the shaft 30 is eccentrically disposed with respect to the compartment 23, and that the shutter and openings are likewise disposed. Between the bands 54 an annular series of blades 63 is arranged, and by virtue of such disposition, and according to the amount of opening of the shutter 60, the air will pass through the screened openings of the easing into the space between the vanes 55 and be discharged from the fan upwardly through the casing.

Carried by the crossbar 45 is a series of contact or socket members 64, and the motor leads extend to this bar and are connected one with each of the rods 46 for a purpose to be hereinafter brought out. Slidably mounted upon the rods 46 by means of guides 65 is a plate of insulating and heatresistant material 66, this plate mounting resistance units 67 and 68, and the plate further mountin pron s or plugs 69, which, when the gui es of the plate are slid down-' wardly along the rods 46, enter the orifices of the socket members 64. As aforestated, reference being had to Fig. 14, the switch 52 which controls the operation of the motor extends from one of the leads 51 and serves to connect the same with the return lead 53. Connected with this lead are switches 7 071 connected respectively with the inner ends of the resistances 67 and 68; the opposite ends of the resistances being connected to a lead 72 connected with the second lead 51. The switches 52, 70 and 71 preferably are mounted by the casing at a point below the elbow 32, as has been shown in Fig. 2, and those leads which extend beyond these switches and toward the rods 46 and the resistance members may be supported within the standard by means of a transverse rod 73 presenting a loop-portion carried by the elbow 32 at a point in advance of the ring 33. Thus it will be obvious that with the tube 47 removed, and as the resistances are initially applied, or it becomes necessary to renew them, this may be readily done in the first case by simply sliding the resistance plate 66 along the rods 46 by means of the guides 65, the plugs 69 establishing electrical connection upon entering thesocket members 64. Subsequently, nuts 74 may be applied to the screw-threaded upper ends of the rods in order to retain the resistance unit in position. In the second instance it is necessary merely to remove the nuts and pull the resistance unit upwardly, subsequently to which a new unit or the repaired unit is placed in position.

The nozzle or outlet member is pro-- vided with a transverse battle 75 extending closely adjacent the inner side of the nozzle and rearwardly curved therefrom to a point centrally of the tube 48. By this construction even distribution of the air at the outlet end is assured; the entire apparatus may be moved freely by the expedient of a handle member 7 6 in the nature of a ring spaced from and encircling the tubular portion of the standard immediately above the fan housing; and it will be understood that by positioning the handle at this point the likelihood of the apparatus being tipped accidentallywill be reduced to a minimum, for the reason that its center of gravity will be .low and the handle will be immediately above the most weighty portion thereof, to wit, the base, fan and motor, together with their associated parts.

In certain instances it is desirable to utilize ray treatment for the scalp and hair, and with this in mind a tube 77 may be provided of a diameter slightly larger than that of the tube 44 so that a sliding fit between these elements may be had. This tube provides at its upper end a socket 78, within which a hollow ball 79 rests, thus providing a rockable connection. To the upper end of the ball 79 a casing 80 is secured, and the parts may be retained in position by utilizing a yoke 81 secured to the casing and ball, which yoke is acted upon by a spring-pressed arm 82 having its lower end connected with the socket-member 78. The rear of the casing provides a reflector 83, and at this point a socket-member 84 is mounted by a slidable rod 85, the position of which may be maintained by a locking member 86; it being un derstood that the socket receives a suitable bulb 87, the rays of which may be directed through the open end of the casing, and the focus of these rays may be varied by shifting the rod 85. In order to extend the current supply of the leads 51 to the bulb, the tube 77 carries contact-members 88 arranged for engagement with the upper ends of the rods 46, and leads 89 extend from these contact-members to the proper portions of the socket 84;. one of these leads having a switch 90 interposed therein so that the bulb may1 or may not be energized, as may be desire As brought out previously, due to the disposition of the weight an extremely stable form of apparatus is provided, which, however, may be shifted readily by the use of the handle 76. The elbows 3235 may be swung to any desired position within the limits defined by the stops 36 and locked in such position until the operator again desires to shift the same. Any minor adjustment which may be necessary in order to bring the nozzle to a point in proper relation to the head of the person being treated may be accomplished readily by virtue of the flexible tube-portion 48 which will remain in the position in which it is placed. Thereafter, by simply closing the switch 52 the fan will be set in operation, and, due to the construction of the blower or pump driven by the motor, a column of air lwill flow through the casing at maximum speed, the volume of such column being readily variable simply by shifting the handle 61 to regulate the size of the intake orifice to the blower. Incident to the construction of the latter a relatively low-powered motor may be employed in the operation of the device, or a maximum flow of air may be achieved. The operator, simply by closing either the switch 70 or 71, will cause the column of air emerging from the nozzle to be heated. and if comparatively intense heat is desired, this result may be achieved by additionally throwing the second upper edges with ring members 91' and 92 corthe head or. hair adjacent the outlet end of the machine. At this time it will also be noted that, while it is feasible to operate the motor without cutting in either or both of the heating resistances or the lamp, due to the circuit employed it is not practicable to operate the heating unit without the motor in operation. This will be clear upon referring to Fig. 14, wherein it is apparent that the switch 52 must be closed to complete the circuit to the motor, thus operating the latter, before the heating unit can begin to operate. By this expedient the unit will at all times be air-cooled, and the danger of its being burned out will be reduced to a minimum aside from the fact that an overheating o the standard is prevented.

If under certain conditions of treatment it is desired to utilize the beneficial eflI'ects of rays, this may be accomplished simply by withdrawing the tube 47 and thereafter removing the lock-members 74 and applying the tube 77 to the tube 44 so that the contactmembers 88 engage one with each of the upper ends of the rods 46. In such position it will be obvious that accidental removal of the heating units cannot occur, incident to the fact that these contact-members will prevent this, and with this attachment in position it is entirely practicable simultaneously to direct a column of air heated to any desired degree and under any desired pressure against the scalp and hair of the person being treated,and at the same time, to direct the rays emanating from the bulb 87 against such scalp or hair, these rays exerting a maximum effect incident to the focal latitude allowed by the construction employed.

Finally, referring to Fig. 15, it will be seen that the numerals 32-35 indicate the two elbow members, which are provided at their responding to the rings 3334 (Fig. 3) these being encircled by a split band 93, the parts of which are adjustable to compensate for wear and proper application, as in the case of the first-described form of band. The band 93 has its sections suitably secured to the rin 92 and carries a spring-pressed pin 94, whic may be retracted by means of a knob 95, the inner end of this pin being intended to engage selectively one of a series of openings or indentations 96 formed in the face of the .band 91. It' will be understood that, as a consequence, simply by retracting the pin by means of the knob 95 the elbows may easily be swung with respect to each other, using the knob as a handle in this connection. Upon the knob being released the pin will enter the next adjacent opening and the parts will be locked against further movement.

Since certain changes may be made in the above construction, and different embodiments of the invention could be made, without departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying ing claims are intended to cover all of the genenc and s ecific features of the invention herein descri ed and all statements of the scope of the invention which as a matter of language might be said to fall therebetween.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l.v A hair-drying machine, including, in combination, a standard, means for forcing a current of gaseous fluid through said standard, a pair of elbow members, one connected to said standard, means providing an outlet member'connected with the second of said elbow members, means for connectin the inner ends of said elbows to rotate axia y with respect to each other, and means to heat said gaseous fluid during its travel.

2. A hair-drying machine, including, in combination, a standard, means for forcing a current of gaseous fluid through said standard, a pair of elbow members, one connected to said standard, means providing an outlet member connected with the second of said elbow members, means for connecting the inner ends of said elbows to rotate axially with respect to each other, and means for looking said members to remain fixed with respect to each other in at least one position of relative rotation.

3. A machine of the character described, including, in combination, a standard, means for forcing a current of fluid through said standard, a air of elbow members, one connected to said standard, means providing an outlet member connected with the second of said elbow members, means for connecting the inner ends of said elbows to rotate axially with respect to each other in at least one position of relative rotation, and means for limiting such rotation.

4; A machine of the character described, including, in combination, a standard, means for forcing a current of fluid through said standard, a pair of elbowmembers, one connected to said standard, means providing an outlet member connected with the second of said elbow members, means for connecting the inner ends of said elbows to rotate axially with respect to each other, means for limiting such rotation, and means for locking said members in any desired position with respect to each other.

inf)

5. A machine of the class described, in-

eluding, in combination, a standard, a pair of elbow members associated with said standard, cooperating rings associated one with with respect to each other, and means 00- operating with said rings to prevent such rotation.

6. A machine of the class described, including, in combination, a standard, a pair of elbow members associated with said standard, cooperating rings associated one with each of the inner edges of said members whereby the latter may be rotated axially with respect to each other, a split band engaging said rings, and a cam member connecting the ends ofsaid ring and acting to draw the same together and frictionally engaging said rings to prevent relative movement thereof.

7. A machine of the character described, including, in combination, a base, a standard swiveled upon said base, a motor-driven fan associated with said standard, a lead extending to said motor, said standard being formed with an outlet, and means limiting the rotation of movement of said standard with respect to said base.

8. A machine of the class described, including, in combination, a standard, means for passing fluid through said standard, a bar associated with said standard, an electrical heating unit, plug and socket members associated with said bar and unit, and electrical leads extending from the members associated with said bar to energize said heating unit.

9. A machine of the class described, including, in combination, a standard, means for passing fluid through said standard, a bar associated with said standard, an electrical heating unit, plug and socket members associated with said bar and unit, electrical leads extending from the members associated with said bar to energize said heating unit, and means for guiding said unit to a position at which said plug and socket members cooperate.

10. A machine of the class described, including, in combination, a standard, means for passing fluid through said standard, a bar associated with said standard, an electrical heating unit, plug and socket members associated with said bar and unit, electrical leads extending from the members associated with said bar to energize said heating unit, means for guiding said unit in its movement toward and away from said bar to cause said plug and socket members operatively to engage, and means for retaining said unit in such position.

11. A machine of the class described, including, in combination, a standard, means for passing fluid through said standard, a bar associated with said standard, an electrical heating unit, plug and socket members associated with said bar and unit, electrical leads extending from the members associated with said bar to energize said heating unit, means for guiding said unit in its movement toward and away from said bar to cause said plug and socket members operatively to engage, leads extending to said din means, and means additional to saif iinit and engageable with said guiding means to be energized thereby.

12. In combination, a standard, means for passing a current of fluid through said standard, a bar associated with said standard, a heating unit including a mounting member and two resistance elements having one common lead, three pairs of plug and socket members associated with-said unit and said bar, three leads extending one to each of the members associated with said bar, the common lead and said resistance elements being connected to one of the members of said unit, the opposite ends of said members being connected one to each of the other members, and switches connected with certain of said leads whereby portions of said unit may be operated selectively.

13. A machine of the class described, including, in combination, a standard, means for forcing a column of air through said standard, an electrical heating unit within said standard, leads connected with said unit, an outlet member, a lamp socket associated with said member, and contact members connected with said socket and automatically connected with the leads extending to said heating unit when said outlet member is applied to said standard.

14. A machine of the class described, including, in combination, an upright standard, means for passing a column of air through said standard, a nozzle associated with said standard, the outlet end of said nozzle extending at an angle to said standard, and a baflie within said nozzle and extending from adjacent the mouth thereof and rearwardly therefrom to a point substantially centrally of said nozzle and in line with the axis of the standard.

15. A machine of the character described, including, in combination, a standard, means for forcing a current of fluid through said standard, a pair of elbow members, one connected to said standard, means providing an outlet member connected with the second of said elbow members, a ring associated with the outer end of one ofsaid members and adjacent the abutting end of the second of the same, said ring being formed with a series of indentations, and means carried by the adjacent elbow member and selectively engaging one of said series of indentations to prevent relative movements of said members with respect to each other.

16. A machine of the class described, including, in combination, a substantially Vertically-disposed standard, means for passing a column of air through said standard, a nozzle associated with said standard, the outlet end of'said nozzle extending toward the horizontal and laterally of said standard, and a baflie within said nozzle; said bafiie being disposed across the mouth of said nozzle in a substantially horizontal plane and extending rearwardly into said nozzle to a point substantially in line with the axis of 5 said standard; said bafile also substantially 

